In spring 2005 the Central Texas Regional Mobility Authority began work on Toll 183A with a goal of relieving traffic on US 183. On March 3, 2007, the Mobility Authority opened the $238 million toll road that spanned 4.5 miles from south of RM 620 in Austin to Whitestone Boulevard in Cedar Park.

Traffic in the first months was three times what the Mobility Authority expected, leading to accelerated work on a northern extension of Toll 183A. The extension opened on April 6, 2012, seven years ahead of schedule. The extension was built at a cost of $105 million and adds 5 miles between Whitestone Boulevard and San Gabriel Parkway in Leander.

In May 2014 the Mobility Authority counted 3.4 million vehicles traveling on Toll 183A. May 2014 revenues from TxTag users on the tollway totaled $2.5 million, and revenue from non-TxTag users totaled about $927,709, according to the Mobility Authority.